Selected References

The following sources informed the analysis developed in this publication. This is a selected bibliography rather than an exhaustive list. Reference numbers correspond to the source markers used in the text.

Academic and Conceptual Sources

Cotter, Kelley. "Playing the Visibility Game: How Digital Influencers and Algorithms Negotiate Influence on Instagram." New Media & Society, 21(4), 2019.

van Dijck, José, and Thomas Poell. "Understanding Social Media Logic." Media and Communication, 1(1), 2013.

Johansson, Håkan, and Gabriella Scaramuzzino. "The Logics of Digital Advocacy: Between Acts of Political Influence and Presence." New Media & Society, 21(7), 2019.

De Bruycker, Iskander, and Jan Beyers. "Lobbying Strategies and Success: Inside and Outside Lobbying in European Union Legislative Politics." European Political Science Review, 11(1), 2019.

Stevens, Frederik, and Evelien Willems. "Information, Politicization, and Reputation: Assessing Interest Groups' Agenda-Setting Influence in the EU." European Political Science Review, 16(4), 2024.

Albareda, Adrià, and Bert Fraussen. "The Representative Capacity of Interest Groups: Explaining How Issue Features Shape Membership Involvement When Establishing Policy Positions." Journal of Public Policy, 2023.

Halpin, Darren R., Bert Fraussen, and Robert Ackland. "Which Audiences Engage with Advocacy Groups on Twitter?" Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 2021.

Lovejoy, Kristen, and Gregory D. Saxton. "Information, Community, and Action: How Nonprofit Organizations Use Social Media." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 17(3), 2012.

Nah, Seungahn, and Gregory D. Saxton. "Modeling the Adoption and Use of Social Media by Nonprofit Organizations." New Media & Society, 15(2), 2013.

Bunea, Adriana, Raimondas Ibenskas, and Florian Weiler. "Power, Policy and National Background: Understanding Interest Groups–Legislators Ties on Social Media in the European Parliament." Journal of European Public Policy, published online 2025.

De Bruycker, Iskander. "Blessing or Curse for Advocacy? How News Media Attention Helps Advocacy Groups to Achieve Their Policy Goals." Political Communication, 36(1), 2019.

12Reference 12Contribution AnalysisBetterEvaluation BetterEvaluation. "Contribution Analysis." Methodological guidance, accessed July 2026.

Official, Professional and Technical Sources

13Reference 13Guidelines for Applicants and RegistrantsEuropean Union Transparency Register European Union Transparency Register. *Guidelines for Applicants and Registrants.* Accessed July 2026.

14Reference 14Better Regulation: Guidelines and ToolboxEuropean Commission European Commission. *Better Regulation: Guidelines and Toolbox.* Accessed July 2026.

15Reference 15Implementation DialoguesEuropean Commission European Commission. *Implementation Dialogues.* Accessed July 2026.

16Reference 16Official documentation on feed relevance and recommendation systemsLinkedIn LinkedIn. Official documentation on feed relevance and recommendation systems. Accessed July 2026.

17Reference 17How AI Ranks Content on Facebook and InstagramMeta (2023) Meta. "How AI Ranks Content on Facebook and Instagram." 2023.

18Reference 18How TikTok Recommends Videos #ForYouTikTok TikTok. "How TikTok Recommends Videos #ForYou." Official newsroom guidance.

19Reference 19On YouTube's Recommendation SystemYouTube YouTube. "On YouTube's Recommendation System." Official blog.

20Reference 20Web Content Accessibility Guidelines – WCAG 2.2W3C World Wide Web Consortium. *Web Content Accessibility Guidelines – WCAG 2.2.* W3C Recommendation.

21Reference 21Regulation (EU) 2024/900 and European Commission guidance on political advertisingEuropean Union European Union. Regulation (EU) 2024/900 and European Commission guidance on political advertising.

22Reference 22Guidelines on the Transparency Obligations for Providers and Deployers of Certain AI Systems under Article 50 of the AI ActEuropean Commission (2026) European Commission. *Guidelines on the Transparency Obligations for Providers and Deployers of Certain AI Systems under Article 50 of the AI Act.* 20 July 2026.

23Reference 23Barcelona Principles 4.0AMEC (2025) AMEC. *Barcelona Principles 4.0.* 2025.

24Reference 24Integrated Evaluation FrameworkAMEC AMEC. *Integrated Evaluation Framework.* Accessed July 2026.

25Reference 25Public Communication Scan of France: Reforming Public Communication Towards Efficiency and ImpactOECD (2025) OECD. *Public Communication Scan of France: Reforming Public Communication Towards Efficiency and Impact.* 2025.

26Reference 26Social Media: Protect What You PublishUK National Cyber Security Centre UK National Cyber Security Centre. *Social Media: Protect What You Publish.* Accessed July 2026.